Cynips quercus modesta n. sp.

Quercus rubra. Red Oak. Small, irregular, hard protuberance, projecting on both sides of the leaf and not differing from it in color. Diameter about 0.15.

The two specimens in my possession are a little longer than broad, rising abruptly on the upper side of the leaf, more subconical on the opposite side. The substance is hard, almost woody. I cut one of my specimens open and found that notwithstanding its small size, it contained five hollows, each producing the comparatively large fly. Three of the flies had already escaped from this gall, the two others, although perfectly formed, were still in their cells; a third specimen I reared from the other gall (end of June). On the whole, this gall has so little peculiar and characteristic about it, that I apprehend it will be somewhat difficult to identify it, unless by the fly.

- Baron Osten Sacken: (1861) On the Cynipidae of the North American Oaks and their Galls^©

Reference: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/22852#page/86/mode/1up