Callirhytis furva (agamic)

Callirhytis infuscata (agamic)

Callirhytis piperoides (agamic)

Callirhytis lanata (agamic)

Neuroterus laurifoliae (agamic)

Callirhytis tubicola (agamic)

Andricus lustrans (agamic)

Kokkocynips decidua (agamic)

Andricus robustus (agamic)

Amphibolips quercusspongifica (sexgen)

Amphibolips confluenta (agamic)

Disholcaspis globosa (agamic)

Andricus weldi (agamic)

Amphibolips globulus (agamic)

Callirhytis quercuspunctata (agamic)

Acraspis quercushirta (agamic)

Zopheroteras cuneatum (agamic)

Amphibolips femoratus (sexgen)

Zapatella quercusmedullae (agamic)

Zapatella quercusphellos (sexgen)

Callirhytis scitula (sexgen)

Neuroterus quercusbatatus (agamic)

Andricus quercuspetiolicola (sexgen)

Callirhytis perditor (agamic)

Callirhytis balanosa (agamic)

Callirhytis balanopsis (agamic)

Disholcaspis quercusvirens (agamic)

Dryocosmus quercuspalustris (sexgen)

Dryocosmus quercuslaurifoliae (sexgen)

Callirhytis quercusclavigera (agamic)

Callirhytis quercuscornigera (agamic)

Neuroterus minutus (sexgen)

Andricus pisiformis (agamic)

Andricus mamillaformis (agamic)

Andricus deciduatus (agamic)

Neuroterus consimilis (agamic)

Bassettia pallida (agamic)

Callirhytis pulchra (sexgen)

Feron clarkei (sexgen)

Neuroterus vesicula (sexgen)

Neuroterus affinis (sexgen)

Amphibolips quercusinanis (sexgen)

Trigonaspis radicola (sexgen)

Loxaulus illinoisensis (agamic)

Holocynips badia (agamic)

Holocynips maxima (agamic)

Callirhytis elliptica (agamic)

Callirhytis quercusfutilis (agamic)

Callirhytis perrugosa (agamic)

Callirhytis ellipsoida (agamic)

Disholcaspis brevinota (agamic)

Neuroterus contortus (agamic)

Loxaulus humilis (agamic)

Bassettia floridana (agamic)

Sphaeroteras ocala (sexgen)

Odontocynips nebulosa (agamic)

Disholcaspis terrestris (agamic)

Callirhytis exigua (sexgen)

Neuroterus pallidus (sexgen)

Neuroterus evanescens (sexgen)

Neuroterus exiguus (sexgen)

Callirhytis lapillula (agamic)

Andricus incertus (agamic)

Callirhytis glandulus (agamic)

Callirhytis electrea (agamic)

Callirhytis subcostata (agamic)

Callirhytis gemmiformis (agamic)

Andricus murtfeldtae (sexgen)

Andricus maxwelli (sexgen)

Andricus quercusfrondosus (agamic)

Acraspis gemula (sexgen)

Andricus stropus (agamic)

Callirhytis cressoni (sexgen)

Andricus cinnamomeus (agamic)

Amphibolips melanocera (sexgen)

Amphibolips quercuscitriformis

Neuroterus quercusirregularis (sexgen)

Andricus quercusutriculus (sexgen)

Neuroterus clarkeae (sexgen)

Feron comatum (sexgen)

Neuroterus bassettii (sexgen)

Neuroterus niger (agamic)

Neuroterus perminimus (agamic)

Andricus chinquapin (sexgen)

Andricus foliaformis (sexgen)

Neuroterus quercusverrucarum (agamic)

Neuroterus fugiens (sexgen)

Neuroterus papillosus (sexgen)

Xanthoteras ornatum (sexgen)

Bassettia flavipes (sexgen)

Neuroterus niger (sexgen)

Callirhytis bipapillata (sexgen)

Neuroterus gillettei (sexgen)

Unknown q-alba-dwarf-acorn-gall

Callirhytis q-alba-inside-mature-acorn-gall (agamic)

Unknown q-bicolor-acorn-cup-gall

Unknown q-chapmanii-pip-gall

Andricus q-stellata-inside-mature-acorn-gall (agamic)

Unknown q-alba-red-cone-bud-gall

Unknown q-alba-hidden-white-bud-gall

Callirhytis furva

Quercus catesbaei [laevis], falcata, ilicifolia, imbricaria, laurifolia, marilandica, myrtifolia, nigra, palustris, phellos, velutina
Leaf galls, detachable
Small cluster of globular galls, 3-4 mm. in dia., each covered with short, straight brown hairs, on upper side of leaf in fall.

[Photo caption]
On Q marilandica. Probably on all the red oaks. Galls drop in Oct. Adults emerged the second and third springs Mar 20-29 (DC).

Callirhytis infuscata

Quercus catesbaei [laevis]
Leaf galls, detachable
Woolly midrib cluster on under side in fall dropping in late Nov. When wool weathers away each element is white and flat-topped.

Quercus cinerea [incana], laurifolia, marilandica, myrtifolia, phellos
Leaf galls, detachable
Globular, fleshy, densely covered with yellow wool, single or cluster on midrib on upper surface in fall, dropping when mature, then the wool coming away clean.

Callirhytis piperoides

Quercus coccinea, ilicifolia, rubra, velutina
Leaf galls, detachable
Cluster on upper or lower side, each spherical, red, pubescent, 1-4 mm. in dia. & dropping in fall.

[Photo caption]
On Q rubra. Also on Q ilicifolia, coccinea, texana [buckleyi]. Adults emerged Apr 22-May 11 the second spring and Apr 16 the third spring.

Callirhytis lanata

Quercus coccinea, falcata, ilicifolia, marilandica, rubra, texana [buckleyi], velutina
Leaf galls, detachable
 Woolly midrib cluster on under side of leaf in fall, dropping before the leaves. 

[Photo caption]
On Q velutina. Also on Q coccinea, rubra, ilicifolia, falcata, marilandica, texana [buckleyi]. Galls drop in Oct and the wool weathers away during the winter. Adults emerged the second, third, and fourth springs Apr 1-7 (DC); Apr 4-13 (IL).

Quercus imbricaria
Leaf galls, detachable
Woolly midrib cluster on under side of leaf in fall. Wool comes off clean leaving a conical gall with a sunken crenate top. Fig 209.

[Photo caption]
This gall on Q imbricaria with the wool easily detached may be what Ashmead described as the "Laurel-oak Woolly Gall," Neuroterus laurifoliae Ashm (the type now lost)(no Neuroterus on a red oak) or Callirhytis perplexa from an unknown oak in MO or Callirhytis infuscata described from Q catesbaei [laevis].

Callirhytis tubicola

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, detachable
Cluster of yellow tubular galls bearing red spines, erect on under side of leaf in fall, 12 mm. high.

[Photo caption]
On Quercus stellata. Galls stand erect in a group on under side of leaf. Adults May 11-28 the next spring. 



Callirhytis lustrans

Quercus breviloba, stellata
Leaf galls, detachable
Midrib cluster on under side of leaf in fall, each with a short stalk, end truncate and depressed. Fig 203

[Photo caption] 
On Q stellata. Also on Q breviloba. Galls from Q breviloba gave adults the second and third springs in April. There is a similar gall on Q margarettae and on Q chapmanii which has never been reared.

Zopheroteras vaccinii

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, detachable
Galls shaped like those of Callirhytis lustrans, Fig 203, in numbers in rows on either side of the midrib in the fall. Turn black in drying. Entered from lit. 

[Presumed synonyms]
"like Callirhytis lustrans"

Quercus margaretta
Leaf galls, detachable
Midrib cluster like Callirhytis lustrans Fig 203

Dryocosmus deciduus

Quercus coccinea, falcata, ilicifolia, imbricaria, marilandica, rubra, velutina
Leaf galls, detachable
Black Oak Wheat. Cluster of up to 40 bursting out of midrib in early Oct, dropping when mature.

[Photo caption]
On Q velutina. Also on Q coccinea, ilicifolia, imbricaria, rubra, falcata, marilandica. Adults emerged Mar 13- Apr 22 the second spring (IL). Galls burst out of a crack in the midrib in a group and drop early in Oct. Dr Hopkins referred to them as "black oak wheat" as poultry were feeding on them. They are said to contain 63.9% carbohydrates and 9.34% protein. The photo is of isolated galls after a winter outside in breeding cage.

Andricus robustus

Quercus breviloba
Leaf galls, detachable
Midrib cluster on under side of leaf in fall.

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, detachable
Midrib cluster on under side of leaf in fall, each pointed at apex, dropping when mature.

[Photo caption]
On Q stellata. Also on Q breviloba. Adults emerged Feb 22, Mar 11-19, 1925 and one was cut out Jan 11, 1926, from galls collected in Oct 1923 (DC).

Adleria vacciniiformis

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, detachable
Midrib cluster of thick-walled, one-celled galls shaped like a huckleberry or hackberry fruit, with nipple at apex, stalk 1-2.5 mm long, gall 4-7 mm in dia. Entered from lit.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Globular, 4-7 mm in dia, with a petiole in a loose midrib cluster on Q stellata. Austin TX.

Amphibolips spongifica

Quercus palustris
Leaf galls, integral
Spongy Oak Apple.

[Photo caption (no figure appears)] Gall similar in size and appearance to [A confluenta] on Q velutina, coccinea, ilicifolia, palustris, rubra, falcata [host associations not listed in the main text except palustris]. Galls appear with the leaves in spring. Adults of both sexes emerged June 16-20 (IL); June 1-15 (DC), June 12-29 (CT), all out by July 1 (ON).


Amphibolips confluenta

Quercus coccinea, falcata, ilicifolia, marilandica, rubra, texana [buckleyi], velutina
Leaf galls, integral
Spongy Oak Apple. Aborts the development of the leaf. Agamic females emerge in October. 

[Photo caption] Spongy Oak Apple. On Q velutina. Also on Q coccinea, rubra, falcata, marilandica, texana. Galls in NY contained pupae Aug 1 and adults Sept 12. Adults emerged Nov (CT), Toronto Nov 10--all females.

Disholcaspis globosa

Quercus alba, prinus [montana]
"Root" galls
Cluster of 3-40 reddish bullet galls 8-12 mm in dia, at base of sprouts, usually hidden by debris.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q prinus. Adults emerge in late Oct and early Nov.

Adleria weldi

Quercus alba, prinoides
Leaf galls, detachable
Cluster of 6-10 brown galls, 10 mm in dia, closely pressed together at junction of petiole and leaf blade in fall, dropping singly when mature.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q prinoides. Galls drop in Oct. Emergence is distributed over three seasons beginning the second spring, Mar 20, Mar 21, Apr 6 (DC).

Amphibolips globulus

Quercus cinerea [incana]
Stem galls, detachable
Globular, thick-walled with a slight nipple at apex, 14-17 mm in dia Sept. Described from NJ.

Quercus falcata, marilandica, phellos
Bud galls
Type galls are like the figure and are labeled: "VI, Lakehurst, NJ" on Q marilandica.

[Photo caption]
The type galls are like those in photo collected in TX in Sept under Q marilandica.

Callirhytis punctata (O.S.)

Quercus cinereae [incana], coccinea, imbricaria, nigra, palustris, rubra, velutina
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
Oak Knot Gall. Abrupt, completely encircling branch, covered with normal bark. Immature galls cut like cheese. 

[Photo caption]
On Q velutina. Also on Q palustris, rubra, imbricaria, cinerea, nigra. Twig beyond gall usually dies and this has been known to kill isolated trees. Adults emerged Apr. 16. The alternating generation is a small blister on main veins about May 12. 

Acraspis hirta

Quercus muehlenbergii, prinus [montana]
Leaf galls, detachable
Globular, 4-6 mm in dia, on under side of leaf on a secondary vein, one to three on a leaf, one-celled.

[Photo caption]
On Q prinus [montana].  Also on Q muehlenbergii. An adult was cut out Sept 12 (VA) and Sept 21 (NY). Normal emergence probably in late fall. An adult was captured on snow Dec 20 (DC).

[Acraspis macrocarpae](https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/273718#page/72/mode/1up)

Quercus macrocarpa
Leaf galls, detachable
Ellipsoidal, 3 by 4 mm, on the secondary veins in summer.

[Photo caption]
On Q macrocarpa. Maker emerged Nov 9-14, 1885; Nov 15-30, 1892; Nov 1 (Toronto).

Zopheroteras cuneatum [listed as Zopheroteras in the host index for Quercus alba but Sphaeroteras in the photo caption]

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, detachable
Fig 235. Conical, red, 4 mm. long, attached at the base of the petiole in the fall. Rare.

[Photo caption]
235. Sphaeroteras cuneatum. On Q alba. Adults emerged the second spring and also the third.

Andricus femoratus

Quercus laurifolia, phellos
Leaf galls, detachable 
A small oak apple, 7.5 mm in dia., in spring. Type host [Quercus laurifolia]

[Photo caption]
On Q laurifolia. Also on Q phellos. The type was reared in May.

Callirhytis medullae (Ashm.)

Quercus catesbaei [laevis], cinerea [incana], laurifolia, phellos
Stem galls, stem swellings
Gradual swelling on one side of twig in spring. "Adults the next Feb. and Mar." Have never reared it.

Quercus falcata, myrtifolia
Stem galls, stem swellings
Not distinguished in field from [Zapatella quercusphellos]. "Adults the next Feb. and Mar." Have never reared it.

[Photo caption] On Q falcata. Also on Q coccinea, phellos, laurifolia, catesbaei [laevis], myrtifolia. "Adults the next Feb. and Mar." The writer has never reared it. 

Callirhytis similis (Bass.)

Quercus falcata, ilicifolia, imbricaria, myrtifolia, texana [buckleyi]
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
Woody, club-shaped when terminal, with 1-5 cells. June. Described from Quercus ilicifolia.

[Photo caption] On Q ilicifolia. Also on imbricaria, falcata, cinerea [incana], myrtifolia. Green and fleshy in May, becoming woody later. Adults emerged June 26, 28, 30, and July 3 (DC).

Callirhytis phellos (Ashm.) 

Quercus imbricaria
Terminal on new shoots in spring, the larval cell supported by inconspicuous fibers.

Quercus laurifolia, phellos
Club-shaped at end of new shoots in spring with radiating fibers about the larval cell. 3-5 mm in dia.

[Photo caption] On Q. phellos. Also on Q imbricaria. Terminal on new growth. Maker emerges in late June (DC).

Callirhytis scitula 

Quercus coccinea, velutina
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
An abrupt enlargement of new growth bearing normal leaves, 12 by 35 mm. Full grown in June. 

Quercus imbricaria
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
Abrupt enlargement of new growth bearing normal leaves, 12-25 in dia. May.

[Photo caption]
On Q ilicifolia. Also on Q velutina, imbricaria. Full-grown in June. Adults emerged July 3 (Chi); June 10, 11, 16 (DC).

Neuroterus quercus-batatus (Fitch)

Quercus alba
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
Agamic. Woody, covered with normal brown bark, persisting over winter.

[Photo caption]
Fig 125. On Q. alba. The woody gall persists over winter. Adults emerge Apr 16-26 (IL); May 6 (DC). 

[Presumed synonyms]
Fig 126. Never reared. Woody stem swelling on Q chapmani. Resembles the woody form of Neuroterus quercus-batatus (Fitch).

Andricus petiolicola (O.S.)

Quercus alba, michauxii, prinoides
Leaf galls, integral
Abrupt, almost woody, with a scar at apex, 10-15 mm in dia., at base of leaf blade in early spring.

Quercus bicolor
Leaf galls, integral
An abrupt firm enlargement, 10 mm in dia., with a scar at apex, at base of leaf blade, green and many-celled.

Quercus macrocarpa
Leaf galls, integral
Abrupt firm swelling with a scar at apex on basal third of leaf in spring, green, many-celled.

Quercus prinus
Leaf galls, integral
Abrupt, almost woody swellings with a scar at apex, 10-15 mm in dia., at base of leaf blade in spring, green, many-celled.

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Abrupt, firm, green swelling with scar at apex, at base of leaf blade in early spring.

[Photo caption]
Andricus petiolicola (O.S.) On Q prinus. Also on Q michauxii, bicolor, prinoides, macrocarpa. Adults of both sexes emerged June 21 (VA), June 27 (DC); July 5-13 (ON). Females were observed ovipositing in terminal buds. 

Callirhytis perditor (Bass.)

Quercus ilicifolia
Acorn galls
A pip gall in spring on small acorns of previous year, secreting honeydew, dropping when mature.

[Photo caption]
On Q. ilicifolia. Galls collected Oct. 5 1944 gave adults Mar. 21-29, 1946. 

Callirhytis balanosa Weld

Quercus coccinea
Acorn galls
In spring on immature acorns of previous year, mottled, stunting the acorn.

Quercus imbricaria
Acorn galls
In spring on immature acorns of previous year, pushing out from within the cup and stunting the acorn, not mottled.

Quercus velutina
Acorn galls
Pip gall in spring on immature acorns of previous year, smooth, mottled, secreting honeydew.

[Photo caption]
On immature acorns of Q. coccinea in spring, secreting honeydew. Also on Q. velutina and imbricaria. Galls drop about the middle of June. Adults the next spring Apr. 22 - May 1.

Callirhytis balanopsis Weld.

Quercus catesbaei [laevis], cinerea [incana], falcata, laurifolia, marilandica, myrtifolia, nigra, phellos
Acorn galls
A pip gall in fall on small acorns of current season, green, smooth, 4 mm in dia., secreting honeydew.

[Photo caption]
On Q. marilandica in autumn. Also on nearly all the red oaks. Adults emerged the second spring Mar. 23-Apr. 15.

[Presumed synonyms]
Quercus texana [buckleyi]
A pip gall in the fall on acorns of the current season like Fig. 76 [depicting C balanopsis].

Disholcaspis virens (Ashm.)

Quercus virginiana, geminata
Stem galls, detachable
Cluster of hard, brown matte-surfaced galls crowded around a twig. 

[Photo caption]
On Q. virginiana. Also on Q. geminata. Adults emerge in December.

Disholcaspis succinipes (Ashm.)

Quercus virginiana, geminata
Stem galls, detachable
Cluster of 5-20 crowded around a terminal twig. Globular, yellowish brown, surface like buckskin, hard, 3-6 mm in dia. Entered from literature.

[Photo caption (no photo included)]
On Q. virginiana. Cluster of 5-20 globular galls, 3-6 mm in dia., with a buckskin surface. Described from one adult (FL). Gall not recognized in the field. 

Dryocosmus palustris (Ashm.)

Quercus coccinea, falcata, ilicifolia, imbricaria, marilandica, nigra, palustris, rubra, texana [buckleyi], velutina
Leaf galls, integral
Globular, 10-17 mm in dia., with a free-rolling cell, wall 1 mm thick, appearing with the leaves in very early spring.

[Photo caption]
On Q. velutina. On all the red oaks. In Chicago emergence varied from year to year; May 31, 1906, June 19, 1907, May 28, 1908, June 12, 1909. Kinsey liberated adults on a small tree covered with a net in a greenhouse and females oviposited on under side of the leaves. In Sept. galls which he determined as those of Zopheroteras compressum (Gill.) were found. 

Dryocosmus laurifoliae (Ashm.)

Quercus laurifolia, phellos
Leaf galls, integral
Green, globular, hollow, projecting equally on both sides of the leaf, 5-6 mm long, sometimes three on the newly formed leaf, containing a free-rolling cell. Adults in March. Type host. Entered from literature. 

[Photo caption (no photo included)]
On Q. laurifolia, phellos. Galls appear with the leaves in Feb and Mar and are similar to palustris. 

Callirhytis clavigera (Ashm.)

Quercus cinereae [incana], laurifolia, phellos
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
A horned knot gall but the horns do not drop out. Described from Quercus laurifolia.

Quercus myrtifolia
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
Callirhytis cornigera or Callirhytis clavigera. A horned knot gall.

[Photo caption]
On Q. phellos (horns have been broken off in photo). Also on Q laurifolia, myrtifolia. Adults emerged Feb. 14-21 (TX).

Callirhytis cornigera (O.S.)

Quercus catesbaei [laevis], falcata, ilicifolia, imbricaria, palustris, rubra, texana [buckleyi]
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
Horned Knot Gall. Abrupt, cuts like cheese when growing in May-June, becoming woody, the horns finally protruding and even dropping out.

Quercus myrtifolia
Stem galls, woody stem swellings
Callirhytis cornigera or Callirhytis clavigera. A horned knot gall.

[Photo caption]
Horns picked up on ground under Q rubra July 15, 1917 (IL). Horned Knot Gall. Similar to [C q clavigera]. Adults were cut out Nov. 26 and some emerged May 12, 1918. Occurs also on Q. palustris, imbricaria, ilicifolia, cinerea [incana], catesbaei [laevis], texana [buckleyi].

Neuroterus minutus 

Quercus alba, prinus [montana]
Bud galls
Cells in greatly enlarged petioles without a leaf blade, puberulent, often pinkish, in early spring.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q prinus. Adults of both sexes out May 7-10 (DC). Galls on Q alba were bagged on May 6. No result visible when the bag was taken off on June 13. In July there were hundreds of translucent spots on the leaves. 

Andricus pisiformis

Quercus alba, bicolor, chapmani, macrocarpa, stellata
Bud galls 
Globular, 3-6 mm, white, mottled, outer wall fleshy, inner hard and brittle. Early spring. Dropping when mature in April.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Photos: single galls, the inner structure, deformed by guests. Also on Q bicolor, macrocarpa, chapmani, stellata, margaretta. They drop in April. Adults emerged the next Mar 24-26; second spring Apr 6 and third spring Mar 29.


Andricus mamillaformis

Quercus alba, prinus [montana]
Bud galls
Greenish-brown, projecting from bud scales in fall. Usually in terminal buds on sprouts from stumps.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q prinus and probably prinoides. Drop in Oct. Adults the second and third springs. 

Like/Similar to Andricus mamillaformis

Quercus prinoides
Bud galls
Like Andricus mamillaformis, but smaller, green, in the terminal cluster or in a lateral bud, in fall. 

Quercus stellata
Bud galls
Cell 3.6 by 3.6, truncate at base. No girdle of hairs at base. AR and TX. Never reared.

Andricus deciduatus

Quercus bicolor
Bud galls
Almost globular, 4 mm in dia., developed usually from a weak lateral bud, in September.

[Photo caption]
On Quercus bicolor. Galls drop in September. Adults emerged Mar 20 the second spring and Apr 10 the third spring (IL). An adult, det as this sp. was taken ovipositing in bud of Q alba on Apr 7 (DC).

Neuroterus consimilis Bass.

Quercus  alba
Stem galls
Leafy, foreshortened, lateral branchlet, 12 mm in dia by 18 mm long in midsummer, many-celled.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. A foreshortened, thickened lateral branch, bearing leaves, woody, polythalamous. The writer has never reared it. Type locality: CT. 

Bassettia pallida

Quercus virginiana, geminata
Stem galls, cells hidden under bark, some swelling
Described from a single female from GA April 15 without gall or host. Agreeing with type is a specimen from cells just under the bark of live oak in FL.

[Photo caption]
Described from a single female from GA April 15 without gall or host. Agreeing with type are specimens from cells just under the bark of small twigs of Q virginiana in FL, the adults emerging in Fed and Mar.

Callirhytis pulchra (Bass.)

Quercus cinerea [incana], coccinea, rubra, velutina
Flower galls
Green when fresh, the size of red currants, containing 4-5 cells, dropping in June.

[Photo caption]
On Q coccinea. Also on Q velutina. Galls drop in late May and shrivel slightly; adults emerged June 10-20 (IL); May 28-June 6 (DC).

Liodora clarkei

Quercus alba 
Bud galls
Many-celled, smooth, bare, half-hidden by bud scales, usually terminal. May 31, MA

[Photo caption--no photo included]
Q alba. Globular bud gall, many-celled, usually terminal, in early spring. Adults May 31 MA

Neuroterus vesicula

Quercus alba, prinoides [Weld also lists Neuroterus affinis on Q prinoides as a distinct species], prinus [montana]
Bud galls
Almost globular, smooth, bare, brown, 2-3 mm, thin-walled, in early spring. Some slightly larger and light green and projecting beyond bud scales may be different.

Quercus bicolor, macrocarpa
Bud galls
Almost globular, reddish-brown and mottled, bare, 2.4 mm in dia, fleshy, thin-walled, in early spring.

Quercus stellata
Bud galls
Globular, smooth, brown, 2-3 mm in dia, thin-walled, in very early spring.

[Photo caption]
On Q bicolor. Also on Q macrocarpa, alba. They agree with specimens and photos from Bassett. N affinis is probably a synonym of it. Bassett's idea that these galls are partially developed in the fall needs verification. Hervey Brackbill marked three branches of white oak on Mar 3 on which there were 4 galls. On Mar 10 there were 10 galls. In the interval six had developed into visibility. He noted that field sparrows, goldfinches, tufted titmice and a cardinal seemingly fed on these galls (MD). Adults emerged May 10-6 (IL); Apr 14-23.

Neuroterus affinis

Quercus prinoides
Bud galls
"Monothalamous, round, thin-walled, in the buds, usually hidden by bud scales, brown. Half-grown in the fall. Adults emerge as leaves begin to expand." Type host, entered from lit.

[In the caption for Neuroterus vesicula, Weld notes that Neuroterus affinis is "probably a synonym of it."]

[Figure 83, for "Neuroterus sp."] On Q bicolor. Also on Q alba. This may be Neuroterus affinis but galls are light green instead of brown. Adults of both sexes emerged Apr 27-May 6 (IL); Apr 14-23 (DC). Blackburnian warblers seemed to be opening these galls for the larvae inside. 


Amphibolips inanis

Quercus rubra
Leaf galls, detachable
Empty Oak Apple. Produced singly on under side of leaf, 18-32 mm in dia, light green, spotted. June.

[Photo caption]
On Q rubra. Empty Oak Apple. Adults emerged June 25 (IL); June 1-15 (DC); June 12, 21, 29 (CT); all out by July 1 (Toronto)

Xanthoteras radicola sex. gen.

Quercus alba, chapmani, stellata
"Root" galls
Cluster of fleshy white galls at base of sprouts which bear old oak fig galls. In early spring.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q chapmani. Galls are found in late May. Adults emerged June 12-26 (IL). In 36 cases these galls were found at the base of stumps whose sprouts carried last years Oak Fig Galls (Xanthoteras forticorne).


Loxaulus illinoisensis

Quercus alba, macrocarpa
"Root" galls
Cells in greatly thickened bark at base of saplings underground, in the fall.

[Photo caption]
On Q macrocarpa. Adults emerged Nov 1-14.

Holocynips badia

Quercus alba, bicolor, chapmani, prinus [montana], stellata
"Root" galls
Hemispherical, rugose, 12-15 mm in dia, usually single, at base of sprouts in the fall.

Quercus macrocarpa
"Root" galls
Button-shaped, rugose, sessile, usually single, at base of thrifty sprouts.

[Photo caption]
On Q chapmani. Also on Q stellata, prinus, alba, bicolor, macrocarpa. The type was taken ovipositing in buds of Q alba in early spring. Adults were reared Apr 13 (DC) and emergence was distributed over two seasons.

Single gall in situ on Q macrocarpa and isolated galls. 


Holocynips maxima

Quercus alba, bicolor, macrocarpa, prinus [montana]
"Root" galls
Rounded, many-celled mass, up to 50 by 95 mm growing out of side of big roots in the fall. 

Quercus stellata
"Root" galls
Like Holocynips maxima. A disintegrated gall only seen. AR

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q prinus, bicolor, macrocarpa. Gall probably takes two or perhaps three years to develop. Transformation takes place in the fall and emergence the next spring in late April or early May. They have been taken ovipositing in buds of Q alba on Apr 6, 13, 19, 20, 23 (DC).


Callirhytis elliptica

Quercus alba
"Root" galls
Single or in cluster of three or four on rootlets just under surface of ground in fall.

[Photo caption]
On rootlets of Q alba. Contained adults Oct 31 (DC). Adults were seen ovipositing in the buds of white oak in different years on March 26, 28, Apr 3, 9, 18, 19, 20. Some such buds were marked but what gall (if any) resulted was never determined. This is perhaps a synonym of Callirhytis ellipsoida Weld.

Callirhytis futilis, agamic

Quercus alba, prinoides, prinus [montana]
"Root" galls
Cells in greatly thickened bark at base of the tree in fall.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q prinus, prinoides. Adults emerged May 12 (IL). Adults were ovipositing in buds of Q alba on Mar 27, Apr 3, 6, 15, 19, 20, 22, 27, 28 in different years when Kieffer pears were in bloom, dogwood not, bloodroot over.

[Presumed synonym]

Quercus stellata
"Root" galls
Cells in thick bark at crown like Fig 45 [C futilis]

Callirhytis perrugosa

Quercus alba
"Root" galls
Taken ovipositing in terminal buds of sprouts Apr 13-May 3. Probably from a root gall like Fig 37. 

[Photo caption]
Callirhytis perrugosa thought to have come from a similar gall [the included figure is of Callirhytis ellipsoida on Quercus bicolor] on roots of Q alba. Ovipositing in buds of saplings Apr 13-May 3.

Callirhytis ellipsoida

Quercus bicolor
"Root" galls
Single or in small clusters on the rootlets just below surface of the ground in the fall. 

[Photo caption]
On Q bicolor. Galls probably take two years to develop. Larvae transform the second fall and adults emerge the following spring between Apr 15 and May 7 and oviposit in swelling buds on the same tree, all females. 

Disholcaspis brevinota

Quercus breviloba
"Root" galls
A bullet gall, usually single, at base of sprouts in fall.

[Photo caption]
A bullet gall on Q breviloba usually single at base of sprouts

Neuroterus contortus agamic

Quercus breviloba, stellata
"Root" galls
Gnarled woody swellings at base of small young sprouts in October, then containing pupae.

[Photo caption]
On Quercus breviloba. Also on Q stellata. Galls contained pupae on Oct 30 and adults were cut out Dec 12 (TX). The similar gall of the sexual generation is said to develop quickly in the spring, adults emerging Apr 3.

Loxaulus humilis

Quercus chapmani, stellata
"Root" galls
Cells at the base of the swollen current year's growth of runner sprouts in the fall. Cells not nested.

[Photo caption]
Cells at base of swollen current year's growth of runner sprouts of Q chapmani. Cells not nested.

Bassettia floridana

Quercus chapmani
"Root" galls
Cells elongated and nested at the base of slightly swollen shoot of current year's growth in the fall.

Quercus stellata
"Root" galls
Cells over twice as long as broad nested at base of slightly swollen shoots of current year's growth in fall.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Q chapmani. Also on Q stellata. Cells are nested at base of current year's growth in fall. Cells are 3.25 mm long by 1.25 mm wide. A gall cut open Feb 23 contained both pupae and adults. 

Sphaeroteras ocala

Quercus chapmani
"Root" galls
Somewhat spherical, single, pale yellow, fleshy, thin-walled, on exposed roots in April. FL.

Quercus margaretta
"Root" galls
Almost globular, grayish, fleshy, covered with short pubescence, thin-walled, on roots. Adults out in April.

[Photo caption]
Single, sessile, on exposed roots of Q chapmani in April.

Odontocynips nebulosa

Quercus lyrata, stellata
"Root" galls
Woody nodules closely grown together into a large mass on roots of runner sprouts.

[Photo caption]
On Q stellata. Also on Q lyrata. Galls probably take two years to develop. Adults have been captured Mar 18-Apr 13 (GA); Feb 22-Mar 8 (AR).

Odontocynips sp. 

Quercus virginiana, geminata
"Root" galls
Seen at Cuero TX. Gall similar to Fig 38 [Odontocynips nebulosa]

Disholcaspis terrestris

Quercus margaretta
"Root" galls
Large bullet galls on runner shoots under larger trees in fall, galls up to 17 mm in dia.

Quercus stellata
"Root" galls
Large bullet galls in clusters of 2-5 on runner shoots under larger trees in fall, dia up to 17 mm.

[Photo caption]
On Q stellata. Also on Q margaretta. Adults were alive in out-of-door breeding cage on Dec 18, the thermometer having registered -14 F on Dec 10 (IL)


Callirhytis exigua

Quercus alba, stellata
Flower galls
Small, dark, tan, oval cells scattered in among normal stamens in a shortened axis.

[Photo caption]
On Q stellata. Also on Q alba, prinus. A small black filament gall. Adults emerged May 12 (DC).

Neuroterus pallidus

Quercus bicolor
Flower galls
Smooth, globular, tan, thin-walled in a compact cluster at or near the end of a staminate axis. CT. Entered from lit. 

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Q bicolor. Dense cluster near end of ament.

Neuroterus evanescens

Quercus breviloba
Flower galls
A swelling, 5 mm long, of the staminate axis in early March, TX. Adults emerged Apr 4 and oviposited on under side of leaves. Entered from lit.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Q breviloba. Gall an enlargement of the staminate axis similar to Fig 289 but shorter. Adults began to emerge Apr 4 and were observed ovipositing on under side of the leaves. Entered from lit.

Neuroterus exiguus

Quercus stellata
Flower galls
Fusiform enlargement of staminate axis, green, succulent, many-celled.

[Photo caption]
Q stellata. A fusiform enlargement of staminate axis. Adults emerged May 16, May 28-June 6; May 10-13 (DC).

Callirhytis lapillula

Quercus bicolor
Acorn galls
Separate cells in a group inside a mature lop-sided acorn in the fall.

"Similar to those of Callirhytis lapillula"

Quercus lyrata
Acorn galls
Separable cells inside a mature acorn in fall similar to those of Callirhytis lapillula. From GA, Feb 12.

[Photo caption]
On Q bicolor. Adults emerged the second and third springs between Apr 25 and May 16. There is a similar gall in the acorns of Q alba not described.

Andricus incertus

Quercus bicolor
Acorn galls
Gall 6.6 by 4 mm, with a nipple at apex formed in a depression in side of cup surrounded by a fringe. 

Quercus lyrata
Acorn galls
Gall in a fimbriate depression on the side of acorn cub, dropping in early Sept.

[Photo caption]
On Q bicolor. Galls drop in early Sept. and adults emerged the second and third springs in late March and April. A similar gall occurs on nine other white oaks where the recess in the cup is not fimbriate and the gall protrudes for half its length or more. None of these has been reared. A bit of cloth would have to be tied about an affected acorn to prevent loss of the gall when it matures and drops.

Callirhytis glandulus

Quercus prinoides
Acorn galls
Types captured ovipositing in young acorns in pine barrens of NJ in early May. Entered from lit.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Types are from the pine barrens of NJ in early May on Q prinoides presumably ovipositing in young acorns and agreeing with one reared by Riley supposedly from a fimbriate cavity in the side of an acorn cup.

[Weld's Figures 63 and 73 are from his 1922 description of Andricus fimbriatus, referring to galls he believes are distinct from A fimbriatus [Andricus incertus] and have never been reared to confirm "which if any" are C glandulus] 

Quercus alba
Acorn galls
Cell in side of acorn cup, dropping in Sept and has a circle of white hairs at base. Fig 63. Never reared.

Quercus breviloba
Acorn galls
Cell in side of acorn cup, dropping out in Sept. Like Fig 73. Never reared. 

Quercus chapmani
Acorn galls
Gall in side of acorn cup, dropping when mature. Like Fig 73. Never reared. 

Quercus lyrata
Acorn galls
Gall in side of acorn cup like Fig 63. Specimen on herbarium sheet of this oak from Mt Carmel IL in Chi Mus Nat Hist.

Quercus macrocarpa
Acorn galls
Cell drops out of depression in side of acorn cup. Fig 63. Never reared.

Quercus michauxii
Acorn galls
Cell in side of acorn as in Fig. 73.

Quercus muehlenbergii
Acorn galls
Cell in side of acorn cup as in Fig 36 [certainly a typo; should read 63]. Never reared. 

Quercus prinoides
Acorn galls
Cell in side of acorn cup. Fig. 73. Never reared.

Quercus prinus [montana]
Acorn galls
Cell in side of acorn cup, dropping in Sept, has a circle of white hairs at the base. Fig 73. Never reared.

Quercus stellata
Acorn galls
Cell in side of acorn cup as in Fig 73.

[Photo caption]
Figure 63. Never reared. On Q prinus [montana]. Also on Q prinoides, michauxii, chapmani, muehlenbergii, alba, breviloba, durandii [sinuata]. A gall on Q stellata, ready to drop Sept 13 (MD) measured 6.1 by 3.2 with a girdle of wool at base and a slight nipple at apex. For rearing a bit of cloth should be tied about the acorn so the gall will not be lost when it matures and drops.

Figure 73. Never reared. On Q macrocarpa. Also on Q lyrata. Sept. 

Callirhytis electrea

Quercus prinus [montana]
Acorn galls
A group of cells in a depression in the cotyledons in a mature acorn in the fall.

[Photo caption]
Q prinus [montana] Adults emerged the third spring Apr 20-29 and May 6. An undescribed black species also emerged in small numbers from two lots of acorns.


Callirhytis subcostata

Quercus stellata
Acorn galls
Produced on side of acorn cup in May, green, ribbed like a melon, 2.5-3 mm in dia.

[Photo caption]
Q stellata. A ribbed gall 2.5 to 3 mm in dia, produced on the side of the acorn cup when the latter is about 4 mm in dia and dropping in mid June (DC). Adults emerged the next spring April 1.

Callirhytis gemmiformis 

Quercus alba
Bud galls
Dormant bud gall on twigs or trunk, conical or blunt, greenish or red, cavity large, in fall.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Adults emerged the second spring in March and some the third spring. Females were twice seen ovipositing in buds of Q alba in Apr 11, 1938 and Apr 9 1944.

Andricus murtfeldtae

Quercus stellata
Bud galls
Cluster of a few hard brown galls at base of new growth in spring, dropping in May.

[Photo caption]
On Q stellata. Adults of both sexes issued the last week in April (SC) and in early June (DC). The type was from MO.

Andricus maxwelli

Quercus stellata
Stem galls, detachable
Polythalamous galls similar to those of [Andricus murtfeldtae](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/991) in size and shape. Often only a single gall on a tree. 1 to 27 adults emerged from a single gall in Apr. Some galls produce males others females, a few both.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Described from an unknown oak. As det. by Patterson the gall is produced at end of twigs of Q stellata. The type galls in Philadelphia resemble those of murtfeldtae above. From one to 27 adults were reared from a single gall; 16 galls yielded males. 18 yielded females, 7 gave both. Of 15 similar galls on Q breviloba all but two gave flies of one sex. The types are not murtfeldtae.

Andricus flavohirtus

Quercus alba, bicolor, macrocarpa, prinoides
Bud galls
Globular, smooth, surrounded by bracts which persist and enlarge after gall drops in June (=frondosa).

"Like Andricus flavohirtus"

Quercus margaretta
Bud galls
(=frondosa of old lit.)

Quercus stellata
Bud galls
Bunched bracts in summer, the gall having dropped out and bud scales have continued to grow. Very common. Like frondosa of old literature.

[Photo caption]
On Q bicolor. Also on Q stellata, alba, macrocarpa. Galls attacked by guests do not drop, the bud scales enlarge and this "frondosa" mass is conspicuous in winter but yields only guests in May. The maker emerges from galls that drop in the spring but normal date of emergence is not known. Fig 101 shows the appearance in winter.

Acraspis gemula

Quercus alba, bicolor, macrocarpa, prinoides, prinus [montana]
Bud galls
Oval, black, at apex of new growth, 2.5 by 1.25 mm, in May.

"Like Acraspis gemula"

Quercus margaretta, michauxii, stellata
Bud galls

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q prinoides, prinus [montana], bicolor, macrocarpa, margaretta. Adults emerged Apr 2-3 1945; May 5, 1935, Apr 27, 1927 (DC); Apr 20-25 (IL).

Philonix pallipes

Quercus alba
Bud galls
Black, at apex of new growth, like gemula in shape, surrounded by thread-like bodies. May. Included from lit.

[Photo caption]
Q alba. Similar to Fig 108 [Acraspis gemula] but with thread-like bodies about its base, blackish-brown, 2.25 mm long. Adults in May.

Andricus stropus 

Quercus chapmani
Bud galls
Terminal, surrounded by narrow bracts. The figure agrees with the types (cell having dropped).

Quercus margaretta
Bud galls
Gall hidden in a mass of elongated narrow brown bud scales.

Quercus stellata
Bud galls
Leafy Wreath Gall. Cell drops out in mid-Oct (TX) and has a circle of white hairs at base. Bracts continue to grow. I have never been able to rear it.

[Photo caption]
On Q stellata. Also on Q lyrata, chapmani. Galls drop in Oct. The writer has not been able to rear it. 

Callirhytis cressoni

Quercus stellata
Bud galls
Cell 1 mm in dia, inside young buds and hidden by bud scales. TX

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Cell hidden inside bud. Q stellata, TX


Andricus cinnamomeus

Quercus chapmani
Bud galls
Terminal enlarged bud with dead bud scales enclosing a single cell. In fall.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Q chapmani. An enlarged terminal bud with seemingly dead brown bud scales in Oct, containing a single eccentric thin-walled cell. Adult the next spring June 16-30.

Amphibolips melanocera

Quercus nigra
Bud galls
Globular, 6-12 mm in dia, yellowish green, from axillary buds in June, outer wall very thin, larval cell supported by very fine fibers. Only males reared. Entered from lit.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
On Q nigra. Globular bud gall 6-12 mm in diameter. Adults in June.

Amphibolips citriformis

Quercus laurifolia, phellos
Bud galls
Spindle-shaped, thin-walled, 22 by 12 mm. A gall of early spring. FL

[Photo caption]
On Q phellos. Also on Q laurifolia. Adults issued the first week in May.

Neuroterus majalis

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, integral
Fleshy, green parenchyma thickening projecting on both sides of leaf in very early spring, 9-11 mm thick.

Quercus muehlenbergii, prinus [montana]
Leaf galls, integral
Fleshy green parenchyma thickening projecting on both sides of leaf when it is hardly half-grown.

[Photo caption]
Fig. 260. On Q alba. Also on Q prinus [montana]. Adults of both sexes out by May 6-11 (DC); June 12 (IL).

Neuroterus irregularis

Quercus chapmani
Leaf galls, integral
Abrupt fleshy thickening of large areas of leaf parenchyma, many-celled, in early spring. Like Fig 260 on Q alba [Neuroterus majalis].

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Succulent thickened areas of leaf projecting on both sides in early spring. 9-11 mm thick.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Gall similar to [Neuroterus majalis]; on Quercus stellata, chapmani. Galls mature before the leaves are full-grown. Adults out May 16-20, 1923; May 24-26, 1924 (DC). A heavy infestation practically defoliates the tree so that it puts forth a new set of leaves. Females were observed ovipositing on the under surface of the leaves and in September the leaves bore numbers of small galls like Neuroterus saltatorius australis Kinsey. 

Andricus utriculus

Quercus alba, breviloba, chapmani, margaretta, stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Globular, thin-walled, green, 3-4 mm in dia, projecting on both sides of leaf, usually single, in May-June.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on breviloba, chapmani, stellata, margaretta. Adults emerged Apr 25 (DC); June 16 (IL).

Neuroterus clarkeae

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, integral
Light-colored, ellipsoid, sessile, at edge, covered with short wool, 2-3 mm long, in early spring.

[Photo caption]
Light-colored, ellipsoid, sessile, covered with short wool, 2-3 mm long, at edge of young leaf of Q alba in the early spring.

Liodora comata 

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, integral
Similar [to Neuroterus clarkeae] but pointed at end, 3 by 1.2 mm covered with crinkly white hairs, tan, thin-walled, at edge of leaf. May. 

"Like Liodora comata"

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Tan, covered with stellate hairs. In May in VA.

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Gall similar to above [N clarkeae]. Adults emerged May 4, 10, 12, 14 (DC).

316. Similar to Neuroterus clarkeae. above but pointed at end, 3 by 1.2 mm and covered with crinkly white hairs, tan, thin-walled, at edge of leaf of Q alba in early spring.

Neuroterus bassettii

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, detachable
Oval, thin-walled, nearly hidden by pubescence, on very young leaves dwarfing and distorting them. CT. Entered from lit.

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, integral
See above under detachable galls.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
On Q alba. Types are from MA where the adults emerged June 2. They emerged May 25 when the young leaves were one to two inches long (DC).

Neuroterus niger

Quercus alba, muehlenbergii, stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Round parenchyma thickenings, 2 mm in dia, more prominent above, nipple below, along main veins in fall.

Quercus macrocarpa
Leaf galls, integral
Parenchyma thickening in the fall. 

[Photo caption]
On Q alba. Also on Q stellata (teste the Thompson collection). Agamic females emerge the next spring.

Neuroterus perminimus agamic

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, integral
Elliptical parenchyma thickenings 1 mm long, in numbers in fall, producing the agamic generation. 

Quercus bicolor
Leaf galls, integral
Elliptical parenchyma thickenings in numbers in fall, more prominent above.

[Photo caption]
266. On Q alba. Also on Q bicolor. The agamic females emerged the next spring Apr 4-20 (IL).

Andricus chinquapin

Quercus alba, bicolor, prinus [montana], stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Cell at end of a prolonged vein above upper surface of leaf or beyond the edge. May

[Photo caption]
On Q bicolor. Also on Q alba, prinus, stellata. Adults emerged May 18-24 (DC); June 10-16 (IL).

Andricus foliaformis

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, integral
Known only from original descripton of a single specimen from MI reared July 20. Type fly and gall lost. Andricus foliosus on Q bicolor is a synonym of it. 

Quercus bicolor
Leaf galls, integral
A thickening of the midrib bearing a rosette of green filaments which hide the swelling, containing 1-6 cells, in June.

Quercus macrocarpa
Leaf galls, integral
Midrib swelling bearing bracts above and below, containing 1-6 cells. June.

[Photo caption]
Described from Q alba in MI, the holotype and gall now lost. Description of adult and gall agree with Andricus foliosus described from Q bicolor from IL, the adults emerging June 20-25, 1912.

Neuroterus verrucarum

Quercus breviloba, chapmani, stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Compact woolly mass, 2 mm in dia by 1 mm high, in numbers on under side in fall.

Quercus margaretta
Leaf galls, integral
Scattered compact woolly masses 2 mm in dia on under side of leaf in fall.

[Photo caption]
Compact woolly mass 2 mm in dia by 1 mm high in numbers on under side of leaf of Q stellata in the fall. 

"Like Neuroterus verrucarum"

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, detachable
Like Neuroterus verrucarum but detachable, with short hairs, with scarcely a trace on leaf above. Seen in MO, TX.

Neuroterus exiguissimus

Quercus alba
Leaf galls, integral
Hairy, brown, 2.5 mm, on under side in numbers along veins, sessile, leaf smooth above. In fall.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
On Q alba. Adults emerged the next spring in April (DC).

Neuroterus fugiens

Quercus bicolor
Leaf galls, integral
Single or scattered parenchyma thickenings more prominent below, sparingly hairy. May. Exit hole on upper surface.

Quercus macrocarpa
Leaf galls, integral
Parenchyma thickenings next to a vein on under side of leaf in spring when the leaves are about one-third grown.

[Photo caption]
Single or scattered parenchyma thickenings more prominent below, sparingly hairy, on Q bicolor in May.


Neuroterus papillosus

Quercus bicolor, prinus [montana]
Leaf galls, integral
Elliptical cells in parenchyma in numbers in the fall, more prominent above. Exit hole on lower side.

[Photo caption]
On Q bicolor. Also on Q prinus [montana]. Adults emerged June 27-29 (IN); June 9 (DC).

Xanthoteras ornatum

Quercus breviloba
Leaf galls, integral
Spindle-shaped, at end of midrib, 6 by 11.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
On Q breviloba. Adults emerged Apr 15 from galls collected Mar 3 (TX)

Callirhytis flavipes

Quercus macrocarpa
Leaf galls, integral
Elongated, bare, fleshy midrib swelling in June, containing several cells.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
On Q macrocarpa. Adults were emerging July 6 when the galls were gathered (IO) Emerged June 23 (IL)

Neuroterus vernus

Quercus macrocarpa
Leaf galls, integral
Swollen petioles dwarfed and deformed on young leaves. Type host. Adults May 16- June 10. Entered from lit.

Callirhytis bipapillata

Quercus coccinea, ilicifolia
Leaf galls, integral
Isolated parenchyma thickenings in large numbers, projecting on both sides of the leaf in June. Rare on [Q coccinea]. Type host [Quercus ilicifolia].

[Photo caption]
267. On Q ilificolia. Also on Q coccinea (rare). Adults emerged June 30-July 5 (VA). Fig 317 for structure.

317. Parenchyma thickenings in numbers on leaf of Q ilicifolia projecting on both sides of the leaf in June.

Neuroterus gillettei

Quercus stellata
Leaf galls, integral
Blisters on main veins and midrib, usually in groups, containing a few cells. Contained pupae Apr 26 (VA).

Quercus alba
Acorn galls
Undersized acorn (cup 7 mm in dia.) containing a single larval cell which occupies the whole interior. In fall (NY).

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Never reared. Undersized acorn of Q alba in gall (cup 7 mm in dia.) containing a single larval cell (NY).

Quercus alba
Acorn galls
Group of 2-18 separate cells inside mature acorn beside the cotyledons in Oct. Adults emerge second spring--a Callirhytis. Never described.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Similar [to Callirhytis electrea on Quercus montana] separable cells inside acorns of Q alba.

[Weld's caption for Callirhytis lapillula also likens this species to that one]

Quercus bicolor
Acorn galls
Single cell in cup at base of a lop-sided acorn in the fall. Fig 67

Quercus prinoides
Acorn galls
Cell in the cup under an aborted acorn (5 mm in dia.) in fall. Fig 67

[Photo caption]
Never reared. On Q bicolor. Sept (IL). Also on Q prinoides.

Quercus chapmani
Acorn galls
A pip gall in acorn cup beside the acorn in the fall. Never reared.

Quercus stellata
Acorn galls
Probably from separate cells inside a mature acorn. Sp.#82 in Andricus.

Quercus alba
Bud galls
Conical, 3.8 by 2.5 mm, red with green tip, wall thick, at apex of new growth June 24 (DC).

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Never reared. Conical, 3.8 by 2.5 mm, with a green tip, wall thick, at apex of new growth in June on Q alba.

Quercus alba
Bud galls
Blunt, thin-walled, white cell hidden inside a weak lateral bud. Apr 15 (DC) Adult emerged Apr 26. Genus undetermined.

[Photo caption (no photo)]
Never reared. Cell hidden inside a weak lateral bud of Q alba similar to Fig 293. [Fig 293 shows [Andricus cinnamomeus](https://www.gallformers.org/gall/898)]

Cynipid galls of the eastern United States