Liodora clarkei

Quercus alba
Bud galls
Many-celled, smooth, bare, half-hidden by bud scales, usually terminal. May 31, MA

[Photo caption--no photo included]
Q alba. Globular bud gall, many-celled, usually terminal, in early spring. Adults May 31 MA

Dryophanta vesiculoides, new species

Gall.--In size, color, and general appearance exactly similar to the gall produced by D vesicula [Neuroterus vesicula]; I can detect no difference, but, whereas that species is developed from the buds of Q alba, this one is developed from the buds of Q obtusiloba [stellata]. This, in itself, would not be a sufficient reason for considering it a distinct species, but the gallfly which issues therefrom is very distinct and much smaller.

Dryophanta clarkei

Gall consisting of one or more larval cells or capsules in a leaf bud
Capsules in the bud, blasting it completely or so that only a few deformed and imperfect leaves appear
Polythalamous, small, round, brown, thin-walled bud gall, diameter 3 mm, on Q alba, Q minor [stellata], resembles gall of D vesiculus [Neuroterus vesicula].

Dryophanta clarkei n. sp.

Galls.--Small, round, smooth, and not quite three-sixteenths of an inch in diameter. They are formed of the buds of the white oak, and are filled with larvae, which are separated from each other by very thin, filmy walls. Most of those in my collection are transformed terminal buds, but a few are axillary. I have not learned whether their development takes place wholly in the spring, or whether, like several other vernal species, they are partially developed in the preceding year.

The insects appear early in the spring and are of both sexes.

Distribution: MA

Dryophanta clarkei

Dryophanta vesiculoides
Diplolepis vesiculoides

Gall: Formed in the buds of the white oak (Quercus alba) and post oak (Quercus minor [stellata]) in May. Polythalamous. Brown, small, round, thin-walled. Inside the larval vells are separated by very thin partitions. In general appearance the gall resembles that of Neuroterus vesiculus. Diameter about 3 mm.

Habitat: MA, NY, NJ

Specimens all female

Feron clarkei (Bassett, 1890), comb. nov.

Gall (Fig. 109). Galls in terminal and axillary buds, many-celled, smooth, bare, often hidden by bud scales.

Biology. Only the sexual generation is known, inducing bud galls on Q. alba (section Quercus, subsection Albae) and Q. stellata (section Quercus, subsection Stellatae). Adults emerge in early spring until May (Ashmead 1896).

Distribution. USA: MA, MO (Burks 1979).

Andricus clarkei comb. nov