Gall globular, succulent, along side or apex of stem...Asphondylia helianthiglobulus Osten Sacken
Galls are variable in size, 5–15 mm in diameter, usually green, occasionally purple. Adults emerge from the galls in summer...Hosts: H. annuus, H. divaricatus, H. grosseserratus, H. heterophyllus, H. mollis, H. neglectus, H. niveus, H. occidentalis, H. petiolaris, H. praecox, H. strumosus, H. tuberosus.
”- Raymond J. Gagne: (1989) The plant-feeding gall midges of North America©