Cynips quercus frondosa, new species
New species of galls, the flies of which are as yet unknown to me

Quercus chinquapin [muehlenbergii]

Gall a cone-like body, developed from the axillary leaf-buds, and covered when green and often when dry with a dense, rose-like cluster of imperfectly developed leaves. The cell containing the larva smooth, shining, oval, about one-eighth of an inch long, half immersed in the apex of the cone.

These singular and very pretty galls are developed after the summer growth of the tree is completed, and the axillary buds are formed. The sting of the insect causes the buds that would otherwise remain undeveloped till the following year, to develop in the autumn in the abnormal manner described above.

The rudimentary leaves are green, ligulate, and the more perfectly developed galls resemble, more than anything else I can think of, the flowers of the common Artemesia of the flower garden. They are not common, but I have several times met with them, and the clump of oak bushes from which my specimens were gathered was covered with them. The larvae are now fully grown. On the same bushes I found a gall like C. q. globulus Fitch, — and several dry, brown galls on the petioles of the leaves, apparently those of C. q.petiolicola.

- HF Bassett: (1864) Descriptions of several new species of Cynips and a new species of Diastrophus^©

Reference: https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/23810#page/708/mode/1up